What does a data breach refer to?

A data breach specifically refers to the situation in which confidential or sensitive information becomes accessible to unauthorized individuals or entities. This unauthorized access can lead to the exposure of personal data, financial records, trade secrets, or any other sensitive content that should be protected. The implications of a data breach can be severe, including identity theft, financial loss, and damage to an organization’s reputation. Understanding this definition is crucial for recognizing the importance of cybersecurity measures and policies designed to safeguard sensitive information.

Other options do not align with the concept of a data breach. A marketing strategy, for example, does not pertain to data security. Preventing identity theft relates to protecting personal information but does not accurately define what a data breach is. Likewise, a type of network security protocol is about safeguarding networks rather than describing the phenomenon of unauthorized access to data.